LLegrandExecutive Cockpit

CFO — Finance, Cash & Capital

Quality of earnings, 13-week cash, covenant runway, working-capital unlock and the value levers behind the 20%+ adjusted margin and cash generation.

Legrand SA · FY2025 (31 Dec 2025, audited)
The global specialist in electrical & digital building infrastructures
39,600 employees · 50+ manufacturing & logistics sites · 90 countries
Executive read· the answer, then the moves

Net debt of €3,728 M sits at 1.90× against the 3.0x covenant ceiling — investment-grade leverage held while self-funding the bolt-on M&A pipeline, and freeing trapped cash accelerates it. Normalizing DSO to 55d releases ≈ €182 M and clears €150 M of overdue receivables, while available liquidity of €2,800 M (≈ 12 weeks of cover) carries the working-capital cycle.

6 of 8 headline metrics improving vs prior · still off target: Total Revenue €9.5 bn vs €10.4 bn, Adjusted Operating Profit €2.0 bn vs €2.1 bn, Covenant Headroom (to 3.0×) 1.1x vs 1.5x

Do now — ranked by urgency
  1. 1
    Pull working capital — drive DSO 62→55dWatch
    Why it matters

    Closing the DSO gap releases ≈ €182 M of one-time cash; €150 M is already >60 days overdue and at collection risk.

    What's driving it
    • DSO 62d vs 55d target
    • Overdue (>60d) €150 M of €1,610 M AR
    FYI
    • Cohort-level unlock to a 55d stretch ≈ €150 M
    • Owner: Treasury
  2. 2
    Net debt up +40% on M&AWatch
    Why it matters

    Fund the bolt-on pipeline from FCF (€1,331 M, 107% conversion); keep leverage well inside the ceiling.

    What's driving it
    • Net Debt / EBITDA
    • Signal: Alert
    FYI

    Net financial debt €4,223 M (from €3,006 M) → leverage 1.9× (was ~1.5×); still investment-grade vs ~3.0× ceiling.

  3. 3
    FX (€/$) a ~−3% drag on reported growthWatch
    Why it matters

    Natural hedging via local production (US, India, China); report ex-FX to show underlying momentum.

    What's driving it
    • Currency impact
    • Signal: Alert
    FYI

    A stronger euro cut reported growth to +9.6% vs +13% ex-FX; ~85% of sales are international.

  4. 4
    ERP / digital (Gaia & Elia AI) — PlannedWatch
    Why it matters

    Unbanked synergies & margin until captured.

    What's driving it
    • €25 M run-rate targeted
    • Signal: Synergy program
    FYI
    • SAP S/4 + agentic AI tools (Gaia product data, Elia sales assistant on 200,000 references).
    • Owner: CFO
Adj. operating profit
€1,962 M
+10.5% YoY · 20.7% margin
Liquidity
€2,800 M
≈ 12 weeks of disbursements
M&A + capex firepower
€2,158 M
≈ 3.1 yrs of ~€700 M/yr M&A + capex within the 3.0x ceiling
Working-capital unlock
€182 M
DSO 62→55d target
Quality of earnings

Reported → Adjusted Operating Profit

€154 M of add-backs (8% of adj.) — the reported→adjusted walk.

Driver bridge

Adj. operating profit — prior to current year

Datacenter volume & mix vs. pricing / productivity vs. acquisitions vs. FX (€/$) & input-cost (copper) inflation.

Treasury

13-week direct cash flow forecast

Above minimum

Net weekly cash (bars) and ending cash (line) vs. €350 M minimum. Forecast trough: €561 M.

€600 M
Opening cash
€3,068 M
13-wk collections
€3,056 M
13-wk disbursements
€612 M
Closing cash
Capital structure

Leverage runway vs. covenant

Net Debt/EBITDA leverage path against the ~3.0x covenant ceiling — investment-grade headroom.

Headroom = M&A firepower

M&A + capex capacity

Net-debt headroom to 3.0x
2,158 M
3.1 yrs of ~€700 M/yr M&A + capex
Net Debt / EBITDA1.9x
Covenant Headroom (to 3.0×)1.1x
Interest Cover (EBITDA / net interest)9.0x
Free Cash Flow€1.3 bn
Where the cash is trapped

Working-capital cash unlock

150 M opportunity

Normalizing laggard cohorts to a 55-day DSO releases ~€150 M of one-time cash.

Raritan · Server Technology · Starline (Datacenter)66d
51 M
Legrand (Wiring Devices & Controls)60d
36 M
Avtron · Kratos · ZPE (Datacenter M&A)70d
29 M
Numeric · Zucchini (Power & Busway)60d
15 M
Bticino (Building Systems)58d
11 M
Cablofil (Cable Management)58d
9 M

Concentrated in the newer cohorts (Avtron · Kratos · ZPE datacenter M&A, Netatmo · Eliot connected) and long-cycle datacenter projects where milestone billing and project terms lag the mature wiring-device book — the fastest cash win this year.

Revenue quality

Software & services engine & margin

Software & services revenue growth and where adjusted operating profit is generated.

Software & Services Revenue
€1.4 bn
▲ 16.7% vs priorTarget €1.7 bn
Software & Services Mix %
15.0%
▲ 7.1% vs priorTarget 18.0%
Connected / Subscription Retention
112.0%
▲ 2.8% vs priorTarget 115.0%
Dividend Payout Ratio
50.0%
▬ 0.0% vs priorTarget 50.0%
Software & services engine

Software & services revenue bridge

Trend

Software & services revenue growth

By family

Adjusted operating margin

Collections

AR aging

Total AR €1,610 M

Current days980 M
1-30 days350 M
31-60 days130 M
61-90 days90 M
90+ days60 M

Overdue (>60d) = 150 M at collection risk.

By account

Receivables & credit watch

Accounts ranked by DSO and credit/churn risk.

AccountRevenueDSORepeatCredit/Churn
Datacenter operators & hyperscalers€1,900 M68d118%Low
Panel builders & integrators€1,100 M60d106%Medium
Electrical distributors & wholesalers€5,200 M58d108%Low
Electricians & installers€800 M55d105%Medium
Retail / DIY & e-commerce€481 M40d110%Medium
Cohorts

Brand-cohort economics

Adjusted-operating-profit growth, DSO normalization and synergy realization (since → current).

Brand / cohortSinceRevenueAdj. opDSOIntegr.SynergyStatus
Legrand (Wiring Devices & Controls)1865€2,600 M15% → 559 M6660d100%96%Integrated
Bticino (Building Systems)1989€1,281 M16% → 237 M6058d97%90%Integrated
Cablofil (Cable Management)2000€1,100 M12% → 220 M6258d98%92%Integrated
Numeric · Zucchini (Power & Busway)2010€1,100 M13% → 220 M6460d95%88%Integrated
Raritan · Server Technology · Starline (Datacenter)2015€1,700 M18% → 383 M7066d92%86%Integrated
Netatmo · Eliot (Connected)2018€1,000 M8% → 185 M5550d84%74%In progress
Avtron · Kratos · ZPE (Datacenter M&A)2024€700 M15% → 158 M7470d60%55%In progress
Supply

Supplier terms & risk

Input & component spend (copper, polymers, electronics), DPO (working-capital lever), delivery and risk.

SupplierCategorySpendDPOOTIFScoreRisk
Copper & non-ferrous metalsRaw materials (primary)€900 M70d93%84High
Electronic components & semiconductorsElectronics€800 M66d90%82High
Plastics, resins & polymersRaw materials€650 M72d94%85Medium
Steel, sheet-metal & enclosuresMetal fabrication€400 M68d92%86Medium
Logistics, energy & MROLogistics, energy & MRO€300 M60d95%82Medium
Packaging & consumablesPackaging & logistics€250 M65d91%83Low